Four Decades of Spatial-Temporal analysis of Seismicity Patterns in the Pinotepa Nacional region, Oaxaca, Mexico
DOI:
https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.5719/GeoP.7/2Keywords:
Middle America Trench, Cocos Plate, LISA analysis, Moran's Index, spatial autocorrelation 1980-2021Abstract
Contributing to the knowledge of the spatial distribution patterns involved in the most seismic regions of the world is an alternative way of anticipating the destructive consequences associated with significant earthquakes (>5.5Mw). This document provides evidence of the spatial aggregation patterns that are implicated in the spatial distribution of 32,046 seismic events from 1980 to 2021 period, in the Pinotepa Nacional region, Oaxaca, Mexico (Middle America Trench) and its relationship with intense local seismic activity and indirectly with possible hidden local unknown structures, settled some kilometers below the surface. Using GIS tools, to identify spatial patterns, the Local Indicators of Spatial Association analysis (LISA) and the Space–Univariate Local Moran's Index (SULMI) were applied. The analysis revealed that 21.0% of the epicenter’s spatial distribution is not random but tends to cluster toward seismicity potential zones. According to the LISA-SULMI approach applied, for each significant earthquake greater than 5.5Mw, a map of color intensities was obtained representing the degree of global spatial autocorrelation between the data. After a sequence of two significant earthquakes in 2018 (7.6 - 6.0 Mw), a hidden local tectonic feature 43 kilometers in diameter was revealed just 10 kilometers below the surface by micro-seismicity (2.0 and 2.9 Mw).References
Al-Ahmadi, K., Al-Amri, A., & See, L. 2014, 'A spatial statistical analysis of the occurrence of earthquakes along the Red Sea floor spreading: Clusters of seismicity'. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 7(7), 2893–2904. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-013-0974-6.
Arai, S. 1982, 'Petrology of Basalts from Site 487, Deep Sea Drilling Project Leg 66, Middle America Trench Area off Mexico'. In Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project, 66 (I, pp. 711–722) U.S. Government Printing Office. https://doi.org/10.2973/dsdp.proc.66.134.1982.
Armaş, I. 2012, 'Multi-criteria vulnerability analysis to earthquake hazard of Bucharest, Romania'. Natural Hazards, 63(2), 1129–1156. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-012-0209-2.
Armendáriz, E. 2006, 'Estación Linares (CENAPRED- UANL) nuevo observatorio de la Red Sismológica Nacional'. Ciencias UANL, IX(002), 192–196.
Aslam, B., & Naseer, F. 2020, 'A statistical analysis of the spatial existence of earthquakes in Balochistan: clusters of seismicity'. Environmental Earth Sciences, 79(1). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-019-8790-2.
Bianco, M. J., Gerstoft, P., Olsen, K. B. & Lin, F. C. 2019, 'High-resolution seismic tomography of Long Beach, CA using machine learning'. Scientific Reports, 9(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598- 019-50381-z.
Cao, Z., Zhang, H., Liu, Y., Liu, S., Feng, L., Yin, L., & Zheng, W. 2022, 'Spatial distribution analysis of seismic activity based on GMI, LMI, and LISA in China'. Open Geosciences, 14(1), 89–97. https://doi.org/10.1515/geo-2020-0332.
Carr, B. J., Smithson, S. B., Kareav, N., Ronin, A., Garipov, V., Kristofferson, Y., Digranes, P., Smythe, D., & Gillen, C. 1996, 'Vertical seismic profile results from the Kola Superdeep Borehole, Russia'. Tectonophysics, 264(1–4), 295–307. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-1951(96)00133-3.
Catita, C., Teves-Costa, M. P., Matias, L., & Batlló, J. 2019, 'SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF FELT INTENSITIES FOR PORTUGAL EARTHQUAKES'. The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, XLII-3/W8(3/W8), 87–92. https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-3-W8-87-2019.
Dominguez, L. A., Taira, T., & Santoyo, M. A. 2016, 'Spatiotemporal variations of characteristic repeating earthquake sequences along the Middle America Trench in Mexico'. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 121(12), 8855–8870. https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JB013242.
Ducea, M. N., Valencia, V. A., Shoemaker, S., Reiners, P. W., DeCelles, P. G., Campa, M. F., Morán-Zenteno, D., & Ruiz, J. 2004, 'Rates of sediment recycling beneath the Acapulco trench: Constraints from (U-Th)/He thermochronology'. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 109(9), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1029/2004JB003112.
Hamylton, S. 2013, 'Five practical uses of spatial autocorrelation for studies of coral reef ecology'. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 478(Tobler 1970), 15–25. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps10267.
Harini, S. 2019, 'The earthquake events and impacts mapping in Bali and Nusa Tenggara using a clustering method'. IOP Publishing, 476, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/456/1/012087
Julian, B. R., Miller, A. D., & Foulger, G. R. 1998, 'Non- double-couple earthquakes'. Reviews of Geophysics, 36(4), 525–549. https://doi.org/10.1029/98RG00716.
Li, X., Yin, L., Yao, L., Yu, W., She, X., & Wei, W. 2020, 'Seismic spatiotemporal characteristics in the Alpide Himalayan Seismic Belt'. Earth Science Informatics, 13(3), 883–892. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12145-020-00468-3.
Martínez-García, F. 2017, 'Statistical Analysis of Natural Water Conductivity Data Behavior in Two Wells: Seismic Coastal Border Limits of Guerrero-Oaxaca States, Mexico'. OALib, 04(09), 1–37. https://doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1103900.
Martínez-García, F., Colín-Cruz, A., Adame-Martínez, S., & Ramírez-García, J. J. 2015, 'Atypical Variations of Water Conductivity Prior to Tectonic Earthquakes'. International Journal of Geosciences, 06(12), 1367–1385. https://doi.org/10.4236/ijg.2015.612108.
Martínez-García, F., Colín-Cruz, A., Pereira-Corona, A., Adame-Martínez, S., & Ramírez-García, J. J. 2016, 'Natural Water Conductivity Behavior within the Seismic Pacific Coast of Southern Mexico'. OALib, 03(07), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1102836.
Montalvo Arrieta, J. C., Cavazos Tovar, P., Navarro de León, I., Alva Niño, E., & Medina Barrera, F. 2008, 'Mapping Seismic Site Classes in Monterrey Metropolitan Area, northeast Mexico'. Boletín de La Sociedad Geológica Mexicana, 60(2), 147–157. https://doi.org/10.18268/bsgm2008v60n2a1.
Perez-Gutierrez, R., Solari, L. a, Gomez-Tuena, A., & Martens, U. 2009, 'Mesozoic geologic evolution of the Xolapa migmatitic complex north of Acapulco, southern Mexico: implications for paleogeographic reconstructions'. Revista Mexicana De Ciencias Geológicas, 26(1), 201–221.
Riga, G., & Balocchi, P. 2018, 'Double Earthquakes Classification and Seismic Precursors'. Open Journal of Earthquake Research, 07(01), 1–27. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojer.2018.71001.
Servicio Geológico Mexicano (SGM) 1998, Carta Geológico Minera Chilpancingo E14-8 (p. 1) Secretaría de Economía.
Sofyan, H., Rahayu, L., & Lusiani, E. 2019, 'Spatial Autocorrelation of Earthquake Magnitudes in Tripa Fault, Aceh Province, Indonesia'. IOP Publishing, 1– 7. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/273/1/012048.
Toma-Danila, D., Cioflan, C. O., & Armas, I. 2017, GIS in seismology : contributions to the evaluation of seismic hazard and risk II(2), 10–16. http://www. geodinamic.ro/assets/geo-patterns/volumes/v2.2_ 10-16.pdf.
UNAM 2013, 'Ometepec-Pinotepa Nacional, Mexico Earthquake of 20 March 2012 (Mw7.5): A preliminary report'. Geofisica Internacional, 52(2), 173–196. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7169(13) 71471-5.
Yamamoto, J., González-Moran, T., Quintanar, L., Zavaleta, A. B., Zamora, A., & Espindola, V. H. 2013, 'Seismic patterns of the Guerrero-Oaxaca, Mexico region, and its relationship to the continental margin structure'. Geophysical Journal International, 192(1), 375–389. https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggs025.
Yamamoto, J., Quintanar, L., & Jiménez, Z. 2002, 'Why earthquake doublets in the Ometepec, Guerrero, Mexico subduction area?'. Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 132(1–3), 131–139. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9201(02)00048-1.
Yousefzadeh, M., Hosseini, S. A., & Farnaghi, M. 2021, 'Spatiotemporally explicit earthquake prediction using deep neural network'. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 144. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn. 2021.106663.
Zhang, L., Ma, Z., & Guo, L. 2009, 'An evaluation of spatial autocorrelation and heterogeneity in the residuals of six regression models'. Forest Science, 55(6), 533–548. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1093/forestscience/55.6.533.
