Characterization of exopolysaccharide produced by Ganoderma sp. TP and its immunomodulatory properties

Abstract

Mushrooms have an excellent nutritional value and are referred to as healthy food. They are a good source of carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins, and minerals while they are low in fat content. Mushrooms are well known as rich sources of nutraceutical molecules also. They produce exopolysaccharides (EPS), having high antioxidant activity. Hence, the present study aims to characterize a mushroom exopolysaccharide for its antioxidant and antitumor activity. A mushroom sample was collected from the Naysari Agricultural University, Naysari campus (20.9302° N, 72.9127° E). The sample was iden­tified by morphological and 18S rRNA as Ganoderma sp TP (Accession No. MF614913). EPS was extracted from the sample, and total carbohydrate 258.3±1.4 gg/m1 content was measured. Chemical characterization by FTIR, TLC, HPLC, and NMR analysis revealed that arabinose, lactose, and ribose monomer were present in the structure. TGA analysis revealed 86.34 % weight loss after the second stage. Rheological analysis suggested it is dilatants in nature. Antioxidant activity measured by ABTS and DPPH showed 84.09 % and 86.45% antioxidant activity, respectively. Antitumor activity was ex­amined using the MDA-MB-231 cell line and found 63.49% cell inhibition compared to control. Thus, EPS produced by Ganoderma sp TP is novel from other reported EPS and positively affects tumor cell growth reduction.