Studia Doctoralia Psychology and Educational Science

Articles

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  EDITORIAL A Bridge Across Time: 150 Years Since the Birth of Psychology as a Science

  Dorina Nijloveanu (Author)

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  Abstract

  The year 2024 marked the 150th anniversary of the founding of the first experimental psychology laboratory in Leipzig in 1879 by Wilhelm Wundt, widely recognized as the moment psychology emerged as a science. While 150 years ago, the names of the first "psychologists" were known among the elite scholars of the time, today the field of psychology boasts the highest employment growth rate compared to other occupations in the United States (Clay, 2014). In Romania, the number of certified practicing psychologists now exceeds 33,000. Despite the crisis Romanian psychology faced during the final decade of the communist regime, nearly 100 years after its inception in the country (Gruber, 1893), we now see unprecedented competition for admissions to psychology
  faculties. Meanwhile, across the Atlantic, approximately 6–6.5% of students choose psychology as their major, making it the most popular discipline within the fields of science and engineering.

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  The Contribution of Trust and Anxiety in Health Care During the CoViD-19 Pandemic

  Gabriel A. Oteșanu (Author)

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  Abstract

  This research aims to extend the knowledge about trust and state anxiety in the relationship between patients and medical professionals, by focusing on the specific situation of medical treatments. This study aims to see if patients' trust in the resort, medical staff and treatment plays a role in decreasing state anxiety. Methods. Patients enrolled in the resort’s treatment base (N = 798) after the signing of an informed consent, they were asked about their state and trait anxiety, resilience, general trust (GTR) and fear of CoViD-19 (FCO) during the pandemic restrictions. State anxiety and FCO were measured longitudinally, more exactly on the first day, middle period and at the end of the treatment, whilst GTR, resilience and trait anxiety were measured only in the first day of the process. Results. The results show a significant decrease in state anxiety influenced by GTR and FCO and trait anxiety too. Resilience played a factoring role, but the result is not significant. Conclusions. The results of this study show that the state anxiety of patients with high trust in physicians decreases during the treatment. Since these results are especially robust, they can inform future research and medical practice. Therefore, is important to acknowledge that the integration of psychological components in patients’ treatment
  is unquestionably necessary. 

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  Histrionic Traits in Mothers and their Influence on Children's Personality and Emotional Reactions

  Ioana Enciu, Cristina Ene (Author)

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  Abstract

  This study investigates maternal histrionic traits and their influence on children's personality and emotional reactions. The research conducted a sample of 209 participants of whom 81.8% are female and 18.2% male. They were recruited online by filling in a questionnaire, the answers being anonymous. Results from statistical analysis indicated that adults who perceived their mother as having histrionic traits had high scores of psychopathy and narcissism and showed emotional regulation difficulties: non-acceptance of emotional responses, difficulties with impulse control and difficulties engaging in goal-directed behaviors. The significant findings
  of this study highlight the importance of understanding the dynamics in families in which the mother exhibits histrionic traits and their impact on the children. Hence, further research is needed paving the way for more informed interventions and support systems.

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  Learning how to Learn may Help Children Have a Better Self-Perception

  Andreea Gabriela Chivu, Maia Borozan (Author)

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  Abstract

  The present study aims to investigate the differences in primary school students' perception of teachers' teaching methods, as well as their self-perception, as a result of their participation in a teaching program based on the principles of learning how to learn program. A number of 68 primary school students, aged between 7 and 9, M = 8.12, SD = .47, of which 38 were boys and 30 were girls,  participated in the study. Initially, teachers attended a professional training course to acquire these techniques and strategies. After completing the course, the teachers applied the acquired knowledge with students during three school modules, respectively from
  January to June 2024. At the beginning and at the end of this period, the students were tested in terms of self-perception but also the extent to which their teachers adopt constructive learning strategies in the classroom (L2L specific). The results showed that teachers' teaching strategies, perceived by the students, improved significantly from the pretest to the posttest, as well as students' self-perception in the areas of school competence, social competence, athletic competence, conduct and self-esteem. Possible relationships between teachers' teaching strategies and approaches to learning on the one hand and students' self-perception on the other were discussed.

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  The Mediating Role of Gender Stereotypes in the Relationship between Psychological Flexibility and Discrimination

  Ștefania Bianca Văduva (Author)

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  Abstract

  The aim of the present study is to analyze the relationships between psychological flexibility and discrimination, as well as the role of gender stereotypes within this relationship. The study was attended by 151 people aged between 18 and 49, M = 27.02, AS = 9.98, of which 56 men (37%) and 81 women (54%) and 14 people with different gender identity (9%). The instruments used were the Beliefs about Women Scale (BAWS) (Belk & Snell, 1986), the Agreeableness [A] Facets, Flexibility [A:Flex]) (Goldberg et al., 2006) and for analyzing the discrimination, a scale was developed, targeting four facets: sexism towards women, sexism towards men, homophobia and racism. The scale was developed in order to measure the specific cultural context of discrimination. The results show that psychological flexibility is a strong predictor for discrimination, presenting negative associations with sexism towards women, sexism towards men and racism, but not with homophobia. Gender stereotypes did not mediate the relationship between psychological flexibility and discrimination, with no semnificative effect on the relationship. The practical implications of the study were discussed, in
  terms of developing educational and social settings for improving psychological flexibility in order to decrease the attitudes of prejudice and to promote equality, diversity acceptance and interpersonal relationships based on tolerance.

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  The Moderating Role of Childhood Experiences in the Relationship between Personality Traits and Social Anxiety

  Ioana-Luminița Voinea, Dorina Nijloveanu, Georgeta Pânișoară (Author)

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  Abstract

  This study aims at investigating the relationship between childhood experiences, social anxiety, and personality factors. The sample consisted of 121 participants aged between 18 and 71 years (M = 28.54, SD = 13.12). Of these, 78.5% (N = 95) are female, and 20.7% (N = 25) male, one person identified as genderfluid, also 51.2% (N = 62) come from the urban area and 48.8% (N = 59) from the rural area. Following the analysis of the statistical data, it was observed that positive relationships with the family significantly influence the levels of social anxiety in the different age categories, and agreeableness moderates the relationship between positive relationships with the family in the age range of 5-12 years and performance anxiety. In conclusion, analysis of these results may bring a deeper understanding of the interactions between positive family relationships, social anxiety/performance anxiety, and other influencing factors, contributing to the development of more effective and personalized interventions in the treatment of social anxiety.