ACTIVE BODIES, SUSTAINABLE LIVES: THE INTERSECTION OF SPORT, HEALTH AND WELL-BEING

Abstract

Background. In the context of the United Nations 2030 Agenda, Sustainable Development Goal 3 (SDG 3) – “Good Health and Well-being” – emphasizes reducing premature mortality from non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and promoting healthier lifestyles. Physical activity represents a cost-effective and accessible intervention with proven benefits for public health. Romania, however,
exhibits some of the lowest sport participation rates in the European Union, posing a serious challenge to achieving SDG 3 targets. This study explores the link between physical activity and health outcomes in Romania, aiming to assess the population's engagement in sport and its impact on public health.
Objectives. The primary objective is to analyze the relationship between sport participation and key health indicators related to NCDs, using data from Eurostat and the “România Durabilă” platform. The study compares demographic patterns of physical activity with national mortality rates from cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and chronic respiratory conditions. Special attention is paid to disparities by income, age, gender, and educational level, and to perceptions of health and infrastructure quality, particularly in schools.
Methods. A quantitative, observational methodology is employed, based on secondary data analysis. The research uses Eurostat statistics from the “Sport participation – practicing sport and physical activity” section and national SDG 3 indicators reported by România Durabilă. Descriptive comparisons and visualizations (charts, trend analysis) illustrate the correlation between physical inactivity and negative health outcomes, without inferring causality.
Results. Results reveal that only 6.3% of Romanians engage in physical activity at least once a week–one of the lowest rates in the EU. Mortality rates from cardiovascular and respiratory diseases have increased, while diabetes-related mortality remains steady. Furthermore, perceptions of health remain disproportionately positive despite low activity levels, and over 60% of respondents consider school infrastructure inadequate for physical education.
Conclusion. The findings highlight the urgent need for integrated national strategies promoting physical activity. Romania must enhance school facilities, address socioeconomic barriers, and implement public health campaigns to increase awareness and participation. Prioritizing these actions is essential for aligning with SDG 3 and ensuring a healthier future for the Romanian population.