Vol. 2 No. 1 (2018): UNIVERSITY ARENA JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION, SPORT AND HEALTH
ANNUAL JOURNAL OF ARTICLES IN THE INTERDISCIPLINARY FIELDS: SCIENCE OF SPORT AND PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND HEALTH
Full Issue
Physical education
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THE PROFILE OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITIES AND THE LEVEL OF PSYCHOMOTOR EFFORT OVER FEMALE STUDENTS SPECIALISED IN DIFFERENT ACTIVITIES OF THE UNIVERSITY OF BUCHAREST
Abstract
Background. The development and spreading of physical activities are processes that contain different fields of activity, therefore we need a model of the psychomotor demands, specifically for the specializations and conditions of every student’s life.
We are talking about a decision drawn by analyzing interdisciplinary data with different content, in order to obtain positive results during P.E classes such as: the optimization in the process developing the body aesthetic and the raise of self-esteem
Objectives: The study took place between the years 2016-2017 and included only female student prospects and with the means of the data we gathered and analysed, we set off to demonstrate the efficiency of the applied programmes, considering the level of effort in certain moments of the day or week, along with the preferences for certain subjects which undoubtedly enhanced the aesthetic evolution of the female body.
Methods: We applied a closed, social Market Research quiz, adapted from „The Cooper Institute for Aerobics Research” (1999) and applied to a number of 120 female students from first and second year.
The structure of the quiz was made of 6 basic categories and subcategories of physical activities, each containing 5 questions reffering to: the daily schedule, (7,00 şi 14,00) the activity type, rest, work level intensity (low, medium, high) monitoring the activities during the whole week.
Results. Quantitative analysis highlighted the following: 52.5% of the female students believe they have problems regarding their physical condition, 63% of them are not pleased with their appearance.
Qualitative analysis showed the following: 97% of female students are aged between 18 and 21 and 79% live in an urban environment, 21% took a mild part in physical activity in their last year of highschool, 4% were excluded on medical reasons.
Conclusions. After applying the quiz and debating on the results, we could conclude the following: that physical activities take place mostly on Mondays and Fridays; activities for improving physical condition take place mostly on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays; competitive or recreative physical activities take place mostly on Tuesdays and Fridays; phyisical activities for muscle tonification take place mostly on Mondays and Fridays; physical activities for improving mobility and life quality take place mostly on Tuesdays and Thursdays; other activites than phyisical activities take place mostly on Tuesdays and Wednesdays. -
WAY OF ACTION FOR LEARNING AND STRENGTHENING THE SPECIFIC MOTRIC CONTENT OF AEROBIC GYMNASTICS, WITHIN THE PHYSICAL EDUCATION LESSONS OF HIGHER EDUCATION
Abstract
Background. The motor learning in the aerobic gymnastics is characterized, in general, by the laws and the stages of learning the motor acts , by all means, with some particular features, which are due to the particularities of this sport. The system in which the motor content specific to the aerobic gymnastics acts for the learning, strengthening and improving contains succesive stages during which the different types of exercises are shared in a sensible way, the didactic principles of learning being respected. The rational staggering of the series of exercises is gradual and realized in interdependent conditions, by progressively raising the complexity. All of these are meant to contribute to the quick and correct representation of the movement, being based on the positive transfer of some movements’ characteristics to the others similar in structure.
Objectives.The objectives of the reaserch consists of choosing the most efficient methodes and ways for learning the motor content specific to the aerobic gymnastics, during the courses of physical education.
Methods. We have used the following methods of research in order to create this study: the improving experiment, the statistic-mathematic method and the graphic representation. The experiment was developed during the period October 2016- may 2017. The sample used was made up of 60 students of The University of Bucharest, who attended the course of aerobic gymnastics, and the lessons of the two groups took place separately. Regarding the witness group, classic, traditional methods were used, while for the experimental the differential treatment and the independent activity. For the independent activity, individual patterns were used (as number of series and repetitions), they were performed at least threefold a week. The evaluation of the progress realized by means of the proposed program is based on tests, applied at the beginning and the end of the program.
Results. In both groups, the final results are better than the initially recorded results at the begging of the experiment, yet regarding the experimental group, was observed a significant increase between the initial and the final testing on all the investigated parameters, comparative to the control group, where the rate of increasing is lower.
Conclusion. The superiority of the results as the experimental group proves the efficiency of the applied program and of the different activities which I have been used for my students, as well as the fact that the fathoming of the exercises proposed in „The Program of independent activity” is necessary, because the simple gathering of an amount of movements is not enough, but one has to deepen the phenomenon until fully understanding it. It is necessary to be understood why a certain movement follows another, why the combinations are composed of a specific enchainment of exercises, and how, by understanding the meaning of these chain, one can made their own combinations. -
THE STUDY REGARDING THE PHYSICAL EFFORT CAPACITY OF FEMALE STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERITY OF BUCHAREST
Abstract
Research question aims to optimize functional training of female students in university physical education by practicing aerobic gymnastics. The experimental program was developed and then investigated functional parameters were female students were included in the experiment. Dynamic indices of control and experimental group was statistically interpreted one year after application of the experimental program. It was assumed that the use of specific aerobic gymnastics in physical education lessons with students in higher education, will contribute substantially to optimize their level of functional training.
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ASPECTS REGARDING THE SPECIFIC PHYSICAL FOR STUDENTS REGISTERED TO THE BASKETBALL CLASES OF THE UNIVERSITY BUCHAREST
Abstract
Optimize the training process of basketball beginners introducing preliminary training games, and show how is possible to enhance the effort capacity at the beginners basketball players. Analysis of basic issues in the selection of basketball at the stage of initiation is done poorly. Findings reported at the model level basketball training novice drivers will facilitate specific training plans for 17-24 years of age.
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ASSESSMENT OF MOTOR SKILLS DEVELOPMENT IN PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
Abstract
Background. The activity of teaching-learning-assessment in primary school plays a key role in achieving the educational goals and solutions to optimize the contribution of physical education. Assessment is an important component of the didactic approach through which the teacher has the opportunity to objectively determine the effects of the instructive-educational process on the students.
Objectives. The main purpose of this paper is the use of the most efficient tools for assessing the level of motor skills development in primary school students. To this end, we intended to achieve the following objectives: launching a comprehensive action for deep information and documentation, preparation of research, carrying out of the research activity and completion of the research.
Methods. The research was conducted throughout a school year, from November 2015 to March 2016, with a group of 87 students (44 girls and 43 boys of the I-B, III-A and IV-C grades), aged 7 to 10 years, within the ,,Coresi” Secondary School of Târgoviște. The following methods were used in this research: study of the specialized literature, pedagogical observation, ascertaining pedagogical experiment, method of tests and sports testing events, statistical-mathematical method of results processing and graphical representation of the results. In order to assess the general motor capacity, there were applied 5 test events selected from the National School System of Assessment in Physical Education and Sport subject.
Results. The results of the study highlight the level of general motor skills development in the students aged 7-10 years (girls and boys as well) in terms of dynamics of abdominal, back and arms strength, general coordination and sense of balance during movement. The classes of physical education for these students will focus on the training situations specially created to develop the motor skills, on planning the learning units so that they also influence the development of the motor qualities needed to achieve the motor skills and on the recommendation to the students to practice independently and systematically in order to develop their strength, dexterity and endurance.
Conclusion. The use of the most effective tools for assessing the level of motor skills development in the physical education classes with 7-10 years old students contributed to the achievement of the intended benchmarks as proven by the results obtained in the sports test events. -
ORIGINAL ASPECTS REGARDING THE MONITORING OF THE EFFORT OF STUDENTS FROM THE UNIVERSITY OF BUCHAREST, WITHIN THE LESSONS OF MOUNTAIN SPORTS ACTIVITIES
Abstract
Benefiting from numerous educational and formative valences, mountain sports activities combine a range of physical and intellectual qualities that give it a privileged status among free-time motor activities. It is a sport that involves low costs of organizing and participating in competitions, being suitable for both sexes and for all ages. This discipline, shortly introduced in the DEFS 'curriculum, responded to a need to diversify the socio-educational interests of university of Bucharest` students. Through its specific objectives and tasks, mountain sports activities contribute to the psycho-somatic and social development of practitioners, becoming in the last year one of the most beloved sport disciplines in the curricular area at the students' disposal. The present paper, through its content and its approach, aims to highlight the main aspects of the specific effort, registered during the mountain applications in the academic year 2017-2018. The obtained data are based on objective, efficient and modern monitoring, used for the first time at the level of non profile higher education, thus providing an overview of the specific demand for these activities.
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MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES FOR IMPROVING THE SYSTEM OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION IN SCHOOL
Abstract
Building and maintaining student interest in the movement and exercise are priority tasks of physical education teacher.
Objectives. In this regard, we have proposed lines of research, methods of optimization of educational process organization based physical education lessons using athletic training means.
Methods. The methods used in the research are: observation method, with which we evaluated the effects of systematic physical education teaching method used to present concrete demonstration exercises collective experiment method; data comparison method, the measurement method and the results of the test subjects;
Results. Special training programs athlete greenhouse multilateral training took into account mainly the composition and organization of cycles of lessons that were based on a number of objective and subjective factors related to growth processes and phenomena functional of schoolchildren.
Conclusion. Studying theory and practice of educational process of physical education in the secondary school shows that so far curricula contain general elements and not oriented well established for such trainings with very few embodiments enabling a progressive development functional parameters of students. -
THE ROLE AND IMPORTANCE OF THE MOVEMENT AT THE AGE OF CHILDHOOD AND ADOLESCENCE
Abstract
Background. The motor development of children and adolescents, manifested through their physical aptitude, is a complex of genetic, somatic, motor and behavioral characteristics. These components are influenced by social factors and income and education levels in the family, occupation of parents, place of residence, ethnicity, number of family members. These factors, combined with socio-economic conditions and lifestyle, can indirectly alter the motor development of young people. Hypothesis. In the study we carried out we wanted to find out whether somatic development of children and adolescents contribute to the harmonious development of body and also if living standards influence the development of motor skills. Objectives. We plan to get out and argue for student participation in sports leisure. Research methods: survey (based on questionnaires); observation method, statistical and mathematical; graphic method. Results. Self-employment practice physical exercise is part of the favorite activities of students and is a permanent means, efficient and pleasant leisure. Conclusions. Physical exercise in leisure time is influenced by the wealth of the family and of health. Preferences investigated students heading for activities such as: aerobics and maintenance, tennis, jogging, swimming, volleyball, karate, cycling etc.
Sport
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SELECTIVE CRITERIA FOR THE DEFINITION AND PRACTICAL USE OF THE SPECIALIZED COMPOUND OF METHODS FOR IMPROVING PERFORMANCE IN TENNIS
Abstract
The individualization of tennis coaching is based on the process of getting to know each player’s individuality and, based on this line of reasoning, the most appropriate methods and means of preparation will be chosen and applied to achieve the expected objectives.
Researching all the individual characteristics will help to know and understand the needed elements (attributes or shortcomings) that underlie an athlete’s success. The more complex, the more solid and useful our knowledge will be, based on modern research methods pertaining to the performance-specific requirements of the tennis game. -
PROBLEMATIC ASPECTS ON TESTS AND CONTROL RULES FOR STUDENT'S PHYSICAL TRAINING IN SELF DEFENSE LESSONS
Abstract
Background. This scientific study is aimed at documenting the shortcomings regarding the tests and control rules of general physical training required in Self Defense for students. In the scientific literature we have found only tests and control rules focused on a specific sport discipline and without considering the extensive and complex problem of Self Defense. Additionally, we have not found the motivational factor for choosing the test and the control rule considered !
Objectives. Is to aim, to correlate and explain the tests and control rules of physical and sports education that we have found in the literature and which we deem as useful in general physical education for students as it comes out of the necessities in the field Self Defense from Martial Arts.
Methods. The scientific methods used by us are the method of investigation, the method of the experts, the method of questioning by defining the nature of the issue and the method of the bibliographic study.
Conclusion. We selected 13 tests in different formats (abdominals “jackknives”, squats, push ups, two handed fixed bar pull up, extensions of the trunk, (adapted ) throw of the round ball, speed running 400 m (sprint with standing start), long distance running - resistance (Test Cooper 12 min equal as test of V.O2 max.), long jump in running (with landing on one's feet), triple jump in running (with landing on one's feet], osteoarticularocoxofemoral mobility, relay tests 10 repetitions x 10 meters with various and diverse utilitarian applicative exercises, burpee exercise-"Korean push ups".) and their related control rules (conditions of execution and the number of repetitions performed). These results imply the following problematic aspects : the synthetic environment where the testing are made (in the sport disciplines takes place) versus the real natural environment where the physical confrontation occur, the training and the general physical condition (initial and intermediary) of the student. Because current student is poorly trained from the mental, physical and motric point of view we take 0 (ZERO) as initial starting point of measure unit (for multiple and various reasons) and we track the students individual progress.
The control rule by which statistics are to be accounted for shall take into account the resource consumption efficiency, the reduction of post effort recovery and rebuilding time, and the psychological comfort of the performer, correlated with exceeding the individual record for each and every student. We also considered here the individualization of the physical training (individualization of the requirements for the execution of the test adapted to the environment in which the physical confrontation takes place, but also the individualization according to the genetic, medical, anthropological, physiological, etc. particular biotype of each student) as evidenced by the scientific literature and in the studies on current student groups showing heterogeneity from all points of view.
Keywords :
Kinetotherapy
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HIGHLIGHTING THE VALUE OF KINETIC PROGRAMS IN THE COMPLEX MOTION THERAPY
Abstract
Background. Physical exercises have been practiced for prophylactic and curative purposes since ancient times.Based on the principle of combining prophylactic and therapeutic means in motion therapy, we can associate with to the means of medical gymnastics other therapeutic methods, such as therapeutic swimming, which strengthen the action and increase the capacity of the specific means.
Objectives. The aim of the study was to select and structure the specific means of kinetotherapy and therapeutic swimming, using multiple possibilities of correlation and combination, in order to help improving the recovery process in ankylosing spondylitis (for reducing the recovery time and increasing the efficiency
Methods. The research methods used were: documenting by studying specialized material; Case study, applied to a single subject, a student diagnosed with ankylosing spondylitis; Measurement and testing method necessary to objectify all processes undergoing scientific research.
The study was conducted over an university year, and was divided into three stages: in the first stage, the initial evaluation of the subject, the second stage, the development of the kinetotherapeutic intervention program, and the last stage of the final evaluation, the processing of the test data and the interpretation of the results .
Results. Kinetic treatment has played an important role in improving ankylosing spondylitis. The medical gymnastics programs and the therapeutic swimming programs had as a reference: the local postural re-education, regaining the figure, regaining strength; and encompassed means to relieve pain, muscular toning and increase mobility of affected joints.
Conclusion. Physical therapy was very important for regaining the mobility and contributed a lot to resuming the normal daily activities of the patient. Thus, for a complete success of the treatment, physical exercise should be a daily activity even after the disease enters remission, throughout the complex therapy through motion. -
STRESS – DISTURBING FACTOR IN THE MEDICAL RECOVERY PROCESS OF VARIOUS TRAUMAS
Abstract
Premises. Detecting stress-predisposed patients in pre-recovery programs
Objectives. The study on the early detection of stress in patients with trauma such as: sprains, dislocation, stretches, fractures; establishing the title of the paper, study of the bibliography, hypothesis, place and period of the experiment, patient groups and methods of research.
Mehtods. In this experiment the following research methods were used: observation, experimental measurement survey, data recording, graphical presentation and questionnaire.
Results. Detecting premature stress is very important for the specialist to resort to the most effective treatment and recovery method. In this context, the patient moves more easily over the trauma.
Conclusions. Findings from early detection of stress have led to a much faster medical recovery and the patient has not been left with mental trauma. -
AQUATIC RECOVERY PROCEDURES FOR NEUROMUSCULAR RE-EDUCATION OF LOWER EXTREMITIES USING THE BAD RAGAZ METHOD
Abstract
The Bad Ragaz method is a method of stabilizing and consolidating exercises; is used to treat strengths or locomotor deficiencies, aided by the technique of devices like floating rings for neck, pelvis and ankles. Patient maneuvering by the therapist and hand-held resistance with passive, active and resistive active movements each model can be modified and adapted to a wide variety of orthopedic or neurological diagnoses.
Through this paper, we aimed to underline the importance of the Bad-Ragaz therapeutic-aquatic programs for lower limb recovery, given their effectiveness in reeducating associated physical disabilities. Stabilization and consolidation-oriented method, the Bad Ragaz method is used to treat resistance or locomotor deficiencies, aided by the technique of floating rings, neck, pelvis and ankles. Taking into account the results obtained, we consider that hydrokinetotherapy can be recommended as an effective alternative for recovery of deficiencies associated with inferior limbs. -
APPLICATIONS OF THE AI CHI METHOD IN AQUATIC PROGRAMS
Abstract
The Ai Chi method is based on the realization of an aquatic exercise program involving relaxation methods. It is designed to help the fluid and strong progression of the movements performed by the patient and the therapist. Ai Chi aquatic therapeutic programs are beneficial for all parties involved in the activity, the patient and the physical therapist.
The many benefits of Ai Chi come from respiration and relaxation, linked to the relaxed contemplative state. The method has a strong positive impact on removal of musculoskeletal and chronic pain in cardiopulmonary conditions, as well as in vascular and metabolic conditions and in psychological, neurobiological and cognitive conditions.
Varia
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HEALTH, A SINE QUA NON CONDITION OF SPORTS PERFORMANCE
Abstract
In the context of the alarming increase in the number of sports accidents with serious consequences, namely permanent or temporary inability to play, infirmity or death, the present scientific approach aims at highlighting the primordial role of health, which is - in our opinion – a sine qua non condition of sports performance, as well as some aspects of the legal liability of athlete, of the coach and of the doctor of national or Olympic team in situations where they fail to comply with their obligations under the legal provisions on working and rest time, periodic rest periods (daily and weekly), athletic leave, medical leave, health and safety at work, accidents at work, control and medical assistance, World Anti-Doping Code and International Standards, biochemical assistance, health insurance, etc.
The paper aims to analyze the main categories of rights and obligations that ensure the protection of the health of athletes, and at the same time wishes to be an alarm signal in the prevention of sports accidents or athletes' deaths as a result of their activity. -
TEACHING ENGLISH LANGUAGE IN THE HIGHER INSTITUTIONS OF PHYSICAL CULTURE AND SPORT
Abstract
Background. The training of communication skills in English is necessary both for the teaching activity of each student and for his professional development, a good specialist in the field of physical culture. The formative nature of university education is the reference framework of the initial vocational training system of the future sports teachers for efficient verbal communication in English in the international area, for a better cooperation of sports specialists.
Studying a professional foreign language contributes to the development of professional abilities and attitudes by exploring the fields of other disciplines with different contents. In the process of teaching / learning English to students, professional competence is developed, but by reporting individual situations and activities of learning, reception and production, typically of foreign languages, to those of the mother tongue, a unitary conception is created about the functioning of the language as an essential element of communication. In this respect, there is a need to develop a model for the communication skills in English of students in the field of physical culture.
Aim of research. Optimization the professional English language skills training process for students from Physical Education and Sports Faculties.
Research objectives: 1. Studying the theory and practice of the educational process in the English discipline from the State University of Physical Education and Sports (SUPES). 2. Appreciation of the level of English professional language to SUPES students. 3. Determining the content of the English language course in order to build communication skills in foreign languages. 4. Acquisition of sports terminology and ability to read foreign literature. Research methodology. Analysis and generalization of literature, study of working documentation, pedagogical observation. Results. Using this communicative approach in teaching is that: learners learn from what they hear from the communicator, “their oral production” will be greatly increased, they will develop fluency and their level of motivation will increase.
Conclusions. Foreign language is necessary to the future sports specialist not only as a means of selecting scientific information but also as a means of communication (in exchange of experience, in international sports competitions and for personal contacts, etc.). The training of English professional language to SUPES students helps in the knowledge and application of sports-pedagogical language, in the formation of general and special cognitive skills, on the basis of which they will undertake the learning and evaluation activity according to the requirements of the modernized curriculum in physical education. -
SPORTS AND POLITENESS: APOLOGIES AS A UNIVERSAL RITUAL
Abstract
The present paper is an attempt to describe the meaning and function of apologies in sports. Observations have been made on the verbal and non-verbal behavior of athletes in tennis, table tennis, volleyball, billiards etc. On the basis of the analysis made, the universality and the ritual character of the apologies in certain situations, as well as their relation to the sport’s etique tte, are postulated. Their specificity is also outlined in terms of the pragmatic determinants described by Renate Rathmayr: 'the person who caused some damage'; 'the injured person who has suffered harm'; 'the damage itself'.
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THE INTERNATIONALIZATION OF THE ROMANIAN SPORT IN THE LAST CENTURY
Abstract
Background. The emergence, the development and the affiliation of the Romanian sports structures (such as the Romanian Olympic Committee, the sports federations, the Sports Associations) to similar international organizations have created the favorable framework for the modernization and adaptation of sporting and competitive activity within the sports branches in accordance with international regulation.
The training of specialists (coaches, medical doctors, scientific researchers, psychologists etc.) as well as the development of the infrastructure was also targeted, which contributed to the involvement of the Romanian athletes in the European and World Competitions.
The Romania's integration into the systems of international sports competitions took place in the first decades of the 20th century, with its debut at the Summer Olympics in 1924.
An important contribution to the affirmation of the Romanian sport at the world level was brought by the representatives of the Romanian sports, elected in the governing structures and in the committees of the international sports organizations. In the following decades of the 20th century, Romania's international sports exchanges have enjoyed a wide development and diversification, both at sports clubs and at sports federations level, through sports activities organized in the country at all levels of sports and with external correspondence. The involvement of many Romanian cities in the organization of international sports events has also increased.
An important contribution of Romania to the promotion of sport in the world was the organization of many European and world competitions, as well as meetings of international sports organizations in all these years. The '80s and '90s represent the culmination of Romanian sport, in terms of the active federations and sports clubs, but especially of the impressive number of titles and medals obtained in international sports competitions.
Objectives. The paper aims to highlight the participation, involvement and permanent collaboration of all Romanian sports structures in the last century, in order to develop and diversify their relations with international forums, as well as the progress of the Romanian sport on a global level.
Methods. The research is an ascertaining type, aiming to highlight Romania's international evolution in the last century, with emphasis on its results in the representative sports competition: the modern Olympic Games.
Results. The international evolution of Romanian sports in the last century is evidenced by the active attendance of this country in the important international competitions, materialized in results that have known both the apogee and the decline, the essential data that contribute to the formation of the history of Romanian sport in this era.
Conclusion. Through the constant participation in European, World and Olympic Games championships, but especially through the achievement of remarkable results over time, Romania has become world-renowned as one of the countries with a real sporting potential, the craftsmanship and the record of the athletes making an extraordinary image of the country. At the same time, Romania has proved its constructive vocation in the international sporting life, contributing to the development of sports relations between nations, to the progress of various areas of contemporary sport, to the strengthening of the unity of the international Olympic and sports movement.